The selection and amount of antistatic masterbatch to add depends on the polymer variety, properties, processing method, processing conditions, relationship with other additives, relative humidity and the end use of the polymer.
1. Choose antistatic masterbatch according to the final use
1) For general antistatic use, choose surfactant antistatic masterbatch.
2) For electromagnetic shielding use, choose carbon filler, metal filler and conductive polymer.
3) When antistatic products are used in dry areas, antistatic masterbatches are often poor or ineffective. The best way is to add conductive additives, such as carbon black and metals.
4) For non-toxic antistatic masterbatch products, to choose non-toxic antistatic masterbatch, commonly used varieties are alkyl amine ethylene oxide admixture, alkyl phenol ethylene oxide admixture, polyethylene glycol stearate, sorbitol anhydride laurate ethylene oxide admixture, etc.
2. Choose According to the type of polymer
1) polar resin such as PVC, PS, generally choose ionic and hydrophilic polymer antistatic masterbatch.
2) Non-polar resin such as PE, PP, generally choose non-ionic antistatic masterbatch.
3) For transparent resin, the amount of antistatic masterbatch should be controlled so as not to affect its transparency. For example, when the amount of SN of antistatic masterbatch exceeds 0.5%, its transparency will be affected.
3. Choose antistatic masterbatch according to the properties of polymer
1) For crystalline resin, the amount of antistatic masterbatch is larger than that of amorphous resin, because antistatic masterbatch generally exists in the non-crystalline region of resin and diffuses to the surface of the product through the amorphous region.
2) For resins with high processing temperature, antistatic masterbatchs with good heat resistance should be selected, such as polymer antistatic masterbatchs and carbon black.
3) For the resin whose glass transition temperature (Tg) is lower than room temperature, the antistatic masterbatch migrates to the surface of the product by means of molecular microbrownian motion. The antistatic effect is good and the amount of addition is generally small. Such resins include PE, PP and PA, etc.
4) The resins whose glass transition temperature (Tg) is higher than that of room temperature, such as PVC and PC, have no macromolecular Brownian motion at room temperature and remain in a frozen state, which hinders the migration of antistatic masterbatchs and leads to poor antistatic effect, so the amount of antistatic masterbatchs is large.
4. Relationship between antistatic masterbatchs and other additives
1) Quaternary ammonium antistatic masterbatchs are easy to complex the metal heat stabilizer in PVC, thus affecting its heat resistance aging.
2) Nickel quencher in the light stabilizer will block the migration of antistatic masterbatch to the surface of the product, so the amount of antistatic masterbatch should be increased in the formula containing nickel quencher.
5. Synergistic effect of antistatic masterbatchs
When antistatic masterbatchs are needed, several antistatic masterbatchs are generally used together.
